COURSE UNIT TITLE

: MINERALIZED HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS AND EXPLORATION STRATEGIES

Description of Individual Course Units

Course Unit Code Course Unit Title Type Of Course D U L ECTS
GEE 6014 MINERALIZED HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS AND EXPLORATION STRATEGIES ELECTIVE 2 2 0 8

Offered By

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences

Level of Course Unit

Second Cycle Programmes (Master's Degree)

Course Coordinator

Offered to

Economic Geology
Economic Geology

Course Objective

This course aims to discuss hydrothermal systems including shallow- to deep-seated plutonic-related, volcano-plutonic to subvolcanic and volcanic-related hydrothermal systems, sub-sea-floor hydrothermal systems, and rift-associated hydrothermal systems in sedimentary basins. Basinal diagenetic brines as well as metamorphic-related hydrothermal systems will be discussed in detail. The lectures are intended primarily for exploration geologists and post-graduate students. Those who do not understand the evolution of the ore-forming systems won t appreciate the type and potential of mineralizing system already discovered. It is, therefore, analysis of mineralized systems by detailed geological, mineralogical, in particular alteration mineralogy, and geochemical studies is extremely important for an exploration geologist to use the funds efficiently in the discovery of ore deposits.

Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit

1   Understanding the operation of hydrothermal systems in the formation of ore deposits
2   Type of hydrothermal solutions forming mineralizations
3   Definition of hydrothermal systems
4   Role of the nature of hydrothermal systems in diversification of alteration minerals
5   Intrusion-centered hydrothermal systems
6   Hydrothermal systems in metamorphic environments
7   Hidrotermal skarn sistemleri
8   Hydrothermal systems forming VHMS
9   Epithermal systems
10   Exploration strategies for deposits formed by various hydrothermal systems
11   Exploration strategies implemented in Turkey

Mode of Delivery

Face -to- Face

Prerequisites and Co-requisites

None

Recomended Optional Programme Components

None

Course Contents

Week Subject Description
1 Introduction: What is a hydrothermal system Why is it important to understand the mechanism of hydrothermal systems in forming ore deposits How many of us do appreciate its significance in understanding ore-forming processes
2 Kinds of waters, which may constitute a hydrothermal solution, oxygen and hydrogen isotopic systematic and their role in understanding the nature of hydrothermal fluids
3 Definition of hydrothermal system including magmatic hydrothermal systems related to shallow and deep-seated plutonism; magmatic-meteoric hydrothermal systems related to volcano-plutonic and volcanic complexes
4 sub-sea-floor hydrothermal systems including spreading centers and island arcs; rift-associated hydrothermal systems in sedimentary basins and hydrothermal systems with metamorphic and crustal origin
5 Role of nature of hydrothermal systems on the diversification of alteration mineralogy
6 Use of alteration minerals in defining various types of hydrothermal systems and temperature/pH conditions
7 Intrusion-centered ore systems: Evolution of hydrothermal systems in intrusion centered ore fields, in particular, the role of mafic alkaline magmas in felsic-porphyry-Cu and Mo systems
8 Hydrothermal systems in metamorphic terrains This attempts to explain the pressure-temperature-time-deformation-fluid (P-T-t-d-f) characteristics of ore-forming hydrothermal system
9 Discovery of giant skarn-type Cu-Au-Zn-Ag-Co deposits in Peru in recent years once more has call the attention of exploration geologists towards long time-ignored intrusive centers close by
10 Hydrothermal systems forming VHMS deposits: Chemostratigraphy and the analysis of hydrothermal systems forming VHMS deposits and use of understanding these systems in exploring for VHMS deposits in greenstone and younger volcanic rocks will be emphasized
11 Low-Sulphidation epithermal ore-forming systems: General characteristics of alteration system and their fluids along with their model of ore formation in association with alteration are described in the world and Turkey Hydrothermal systems and construction of exploration models. Use of recognizing hydrothermal systems in designing models for exploring hydrothermal ore deposits
12 High-Sulphidation epithermal ore-forming systems: General characteristics of high sulfidation epithermal systems and their model of ore formation are described elsewhere in the world and Turkey

Recomended or Required Reading

Lentz, D.R., 1994, Alteration and alteration processes associated with ore-forming
systems, GAC, Mineral Deposits Division, Short Course, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Lentz, D.R., 1998, Mineralized intrusion-related skarn systems, Mineralogical
Association Canada, Short Course, Vol.26, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Hedenquist, J.W., 1996, Hydrothermal systems in volcanic arcs, Mineral Resource
Department, Geological Survey Japan, Japan.

Corbet, G.J. and Leach, T.M., 1994, SW Pacific Rim Au/Cu systems: Structure,
Alteration, and Mineralization, Workshop, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby.

Matsuhisa, Y., Aoki, M. and Hedenquist, J., 1991, High temperature acid fluids and
associated alteration and mineralization, Geological Survey Japan, Japan.

Pirajno, F., 1992, Hydrothermal mineral deposits, Springer Ver Lag, Berlin.

Planned Learning Activities and Teaching Methods

Theoretical instruction and practice

Assessment Methods

SORTING NUMBER SHORT CODE LONG CODE FORMULA
1 ASG ASSIGNMENT
2 MTE MIDTERM EXAM
3 PRJ PROJECT
4 FCG FINAL COURSE GRADE ASG * 0.30 + MTE * 0.40 + PRJ * 0.30


Further Notes About Assessment Methods

None

Assessment Criteria

Determination of theoretical and practical knowledge with examination

Language of Instruction

Turkish

Course Policies and Rules

Attendance and participation in discussions plays an important role in the evaluation

Contact Details for the Lecturer(s)

e-mail: huseyin.yilmaz@deu.edu.tr
Tel: 0232-3017309

Office Hours

Meeting days: Tuesday and Wednesday between 10.00-11.30

Work Placement(s)

None

Workload Calculation

Activities Number Time (hours) Total Work Load (hours)
Lectures 12 2 24
Practice (Reflection) 12 2 24
Preparations before/after weekly lectures 11 5 55
Preparation for midterm exam 2 20 40
Preparation for final exam 1 20 20
Preparing assignments 1 20 20
Preparation for quiz etc. 1 20 20
Final 1 2 2
Midterm 1 2 2
Quiz etc. 2 2 4
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours) 211

Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes

PO/LOPO.1PO.2PO.3PO.4PO.5PO.6PO.7PO.8PO.9PO.10PO.11PO.12PO.13PO.14
LO.153
LO.244454
LO.35454
LO.4444
LO.534555453
LO.6233
LO.7445543
LO.8554345
LO.9452
LO.10325
LO.11453344