COURSE UNIT TITLE

: IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF GEMS

DEGREE PROGRAMMES

Description of Individual Course Units

Course Unit Code Course Unit Title Type Of Course D U L ECTS
NBG 5007 IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF GEMS ELECTIVE 2 0 2 6

Offered By

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences

Level of Course Unit

Second Cycle Programmes (Master's Degree)

Course Coordinator

ASISTANT PROFESSOR IBRAHIM GÜNDOĞAN

Offered to

NATURAL BUILDING STONES AND GEMSTONES
Geological Engineering Orientation Program

Course Objective

Nature of gem (gem minerals). Key words for gems. Gems terminology (nomenclature, nomenclature rules, nomenclature origin). Fundamentals of gems. Gemology (description and scientific discipline, interest fields). Classification of gems (worth, origin, occurrence). Description of gems. Gems forming components (elements in the earth and their rational distributing). Optical properties for investigation and distinguishing of gems. General physical properties for investigation and distinguishing of gems. Physico-chemical properties for investigation and distinguishing of gems. Origin and occurrence of gems in the earth (deposition). Finding and digging of gems in the earth (finding out). Investigation as visual of the essential gems found in Turkey. Gems with natural class and organic material origin, and their sub-varieties. Gems with natural mineral origin, and their sub-varieties. Practical identify methods of gems.

Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit

1   To have knowledge of identifying and classifying gem stones
2   Able to apply laboratory tests on crystallography and mineralogy
3   Able to use mineralogical test techniques and equipments
4   Able to evaluate results of analysis
5   To comprehend that life-long learning is a necessity and life style

Mode of Delivery

Face -to- Face

Prerequisites and Co-requisites

None

Recomended Optional Programme Components

None

Course Contents

Week Subject Description
1 Introduction to geology and gemology 1.1. Universe, solar system and formation of the Earth 1.2. The structure of the modern Earth. General properties of continental crust, oceanic crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle and core 1.3. Plate tectonics and rock cycle and classification of rocks 1.4. Nomenclature of matter, atom, element, mineral, crystal, rock, gem and gemstones. What is a gemstone Laboratory study related to the topic 1.5. Classification of gems (nature, synthetic and imitation gems) 1.6. Gemology and mineralogy
2 Origin and occurrence of gems. Laboratory study related to the topic. 2.1. Gems and common rocks 2.1.1. Plutonic rocks 2.1.2. Volcanic rocks 2.1.3. Pegmatites 2.1.4. Sedimentary rocks 2.1.5. Placer minerals 2.1.6. Metamorphic rocks 2.2. Gems from solutions 2.2.1. Vein minerals 2.2.2. Secondary minerals
3 Crystal and mineral chemistry. 3.1. Chemical compositions of the Earth and crust 3.2. Distribution of the elements in the Earth crust 3.3. Structure of atom and chemical bonds 3.4. Coordination of ions and atomic packing 3.5. Ionic substitution and solid solution
4 Crystallography-mineralogy. Laboratory study related to the topic. 4.1. Crystallization and crystal growth 4.2. Crystal symmetry and symmetry elements 4.3. Crystallographic axes. 4.4. Crystal systems 4.5. Internal order and symmetry, isostructuralism, polymorphism, polytypism, pseudomorphism, twinning
5 Physical properties of the gem materials. Laboratory study related to the topic. 5.1. General-common habitats of gem minerals 5.2. Cleavage, hardness, specific gravity-density, color, luster, luminescence, electricity and magnetic properties 5.3. Optical properties of gem minerals
6 Gem properties and instruments for their determination. Laboratory study related to the topic. 6.1. Observation with hand lens 6.2. The microscope 6.3. The polariscope 6.4. Refractive index and the refractometer 6.5. Dispersion 6.6. Refractive indices of anisotropic gems 6.7. Pleochroism 6.8. Fluorescence. 6.9. Filtering of color 6.10. The spectroscope 6.11. X-ray diffraction
7 Visual characteristics of gems. Laboratory study related to the topic. 7.1. Luster 7.2. Light transmission 7.3. Color (Chromophores, idiochromatic minerals, allochromatic minerals, color centers, color caused by inclusions) 7.4. Optical phenomea (Adularecence, interference and diffraction colors, color change, chatoyancy, asterism, aventurescence)
8 I. Midterm examination
9 Descriptive gemology and mineral classification. Laboratory study related to the topic. 9.1. Native elements 9.2. Sulfides, arsenides and sulfosalts 9.3. Oxides, hydroxides and halides
10 Descriptive gemology and mineral classification. Laboratory study related to the topic. 10.1. Carbonates and borates 10.2. Sulfates and chromates
11 Descriptive gemology and mineral classification. Laboratory study related to the topic. 11.1. Tungstates and molibdatlar 11.2. Phosphates, arsenates, and vanadates 11.3. Nesosilicates, sorosilicates, cyclosilicates, inosilicates, phyllosilicates 11.4. Tectosilicates
12 Organic and synthetic gems materials. Laboratory study related to the topic. 12.1. Organic gem materials 12.1.1. Amber 12.1.2. Coral 12.1.3. Ivory 12.1.4. Jet (gagat) 12.1.5. Pearl 12.1.6. Shell 12.1.7. Tortoise shell 12.2. Synthetic gem materials 12.3. Other gem materials
13 Imitation, assembled gems 13.1. Glass 13.2. Plastics 13.3. Diamond simulants 13.4. Assembled gems 13.4.1. Garnet and glass doublet 13.4.2. Diamond imitations 13.4.3. Corundum doublets 13.4.4. Opal doublets and triplets 13.4.5. Imitation star ruby and star sapphire 13.4.6. Less common assembled stones
14 II. Midterm + Laboratory examinations

Recomended or Required Reading

Textbook(s): :
Hurlbut, C.S.Jr. and Kammerling, R.C., 1991, Gemology, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA, 336 s.

Supplementary Book(s):
Comelius, S. and Hurlbut, J.R, 1971, Dana's Manual of Mineralogy, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 579 p.
Cornelis, K., Cornelius, S. and Hurlbut, J.R, (1993), Manual of Mineralogy (after James D. Dana), 1971, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 18 th Ed., New York, 681 pp.
Çelik, M. ve Karakaya, N., 1998, Sistematik Mineraloji, Konya, 434 sayfa
Dora, O., Ö., 1984, Mineraloji, Cilt I, Genel Mineraloji, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Basımı, Izmir, 238 sayfa.
Read, P.G., 1999, Gemology, Second Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 326 s.
Webster, R, 1990, Gems, Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification: Fourth Edition (revised by B.W. Anderson), Butterworths, London, 1006 s.
Yeniyol, M., 2004, Mineraloji, Istanbul Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü, Dilek Ofset Matbaası, Istanbul, 324 sayfa.

Planned Learning Activities and Teaching Methods

Visual and audible interactive lecture. Laboratuar work parallel to theoric knowledge.

Assessment Methods

SORTING NUMBER SHORT CODE LONG CODE FORMULA
1 MTE 1 MIDTERM EXAM 1
2 MTE 2 MIDTERM EXAM 2
3 ASG ASSIGNMENT
4 FIN FINAL EXAM
5 FCG FINAL COURSE GRADE MTE 1 + MTE 2 + ASG/3 * 0.60 + FIN * 0.40
6 RST RESIT
7 FCGR FINAL COURSE GRADE (RESIT) MTE 1 + MTE 2 + ASG/3 * 0.60 + RST * 0.40


Further Notes About Assessment Methods

None

Assessment Criteria

MID TERM EXAM % 40 (LO1, LO2, LO3, LO4,LO5)
LABORATORY % 20 (LO2, LO3)
FINAL EXAM % 40 (LO1, LO2, LO3,LO4,LO5)

Language of Instruction

Turkish

Course Policies and Rules

To be announced.

Contact Details for the Lecturer(s)

Yard. Doç. Dr. Ibrahim GÜNDOĞAN, : zemin kat Z63 nolu oda (Tel: 0232 3017327), e-posta: ibrahim.gundogan@deu.edu.tr

Office Hours

Tuesday: 13:00-15:00

Work Placement(s)

None

Workload Calculation

Activities Number Time (hours) Total Work Load (hours)
Lectures 12 2 24
Tutorials 12 2 24
Preparations before/after weekly lectures 12 4 48
Preparation for midterm exam 2 10 20
Preparation for final exam 1 20 20
Other (Lab) 12 1 12
Final 1 2 2
Midterm 2 2 4
TOTAL WORKLOAD (hours) 154

Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes

PO/LOPO.1PO.2PO.3PO.4PO.5PO.6PO.7PO.8PO.9PO.10PO.11PO.12
LO.155233122
LO.254344411114
LO.3454544113
LO.45452531334
LO.5344235211

CONTACT INFORMATION
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Cumhuriyet Bulvarı No: 144 35210 Alsancak / İZMİR
Phone: +90(232) 412 12 12 - Fax: +90 (232) 464 81 35

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